例题解析：
Passage 1
Sleeplessness
Insomnia or sleeplessness is a common complaint of women as they enter into menopause（更年期）. Insomnia means having trouble falling asleep or staying asleep or the feeling that your sleep was not adequate for you. For women who are having night sweats, their sleep is broken by frequent awakening and therefore not refreshing. Generally once the night sweats are controlled a normal sleep pattern returns. If is doesn't it may be, or have become chronic insomnia. How do you know?
If you suffer from insomnia every night or most nights for a period of one month then you have chronic insomnia. If you're not having night sweats then it's time to look for other causes of sleeplessness. Depression and anxiety disorders are the most common causes of chronic insomnia. If you feel depressed you need to be checked by qualified health care provider. Movement disorders such as restless leg syndrome are second on the list of insomnia for them; there are new medicines that may help. Other causes are shift working, and pain.
In up to 30%of people with chronic insomnia no cause can be identified. Medical treatment of these people has generally been with sleeping pills. It is estimated that 25%of the adult population in America took some type of medicine for sleep last year. It is generally agreed that sleeping pills should only be in the lowest dose and for the shortest possible time.
Sleep hygiene is directed at changing bad sleep habits. The recommendations are:---Go to bed only when sleepy.---Do not wait up to a specified time.--Avoid caffeine and alcohol in the evening, etc. 1. The word "insomnia" means
A having trouble falling asleep
B feeling that sleep is enough
C having no sweats at night
D having normal sleep pattern.
2. How many possible causes of sleeplessness are mentioned in the second paragraph?
A five
B six
C seven
D numerous
3. The expression " Second on the list" in the second paragraph means
A the second cause of all kinds of sleeplessness.
B the second most important cause of sleeplessness.
C the second on the doctor's list about sleepless people.
D. the second on the writer's list recording sleeplessness.
4. Concerning the use of sleeping pills, which of the following statements is true?
A Most adult Americans use sleeping pills for sleep.
B Doctors seldom give sleepless people sleeping pills.
C. Sleeping pills should be used for a very fixed period.
D. Sleeping pills should be used in a very small amount.
5. Which of the following does not fit with sleep hygiene?
A Make a rule to go to bed at a specific time every day.
B Go to bed when sleepy, not always at the same time.
C Try not to drink any caffeine and alcohol in the evening.
D Change bad sleep habits and follow doctor's advice.答案及解析：
1． 文章标题分析：Sleeplessness = sleep + less + ness(失眠)
2． 直接看问题解题：
1. The word "insomnia" means ___.
A having trouble falling asleep
B feeling that sleep is enough
C having no sweats at night
D having normal sleep pattern.
1． A。 分析：被选项A与文章主题（文章标题）最为接近，因此判断A可能是答案。找到包含该词的句子，注意借助该词所在句意和上下文解题。
Insomnia or sleeplessness is a common complaint of women as they enter into menopause（更年期）. Insomnia means having trouble falling asleep (该划线结构直接揭示了答案)or staying asleep or the feeling that your sleep was not adequate for you.
考点：文章中关键词词义的确定。
2. How many possible causes of sleeplessness are mentioned in the second paragraph?
A five
B six
C seven
D numerous
2． B．解题分析：根据常识直接排除D。从上一题的答案位置往下进行查找，并注意文章中提及原因（cause, reason, why）的句子。
If you suffer from insomnia every night or most nights for a period of one month then you have chronic insomnia. If you're not having night sweats then it's time to look for other causes of sleeplessness. Depression and anxiety disorders are the most common causes of chronic insomnia. If you feel depressed you need to be checked by qualified health care provider. Movement disorders such as restless leg syndrome are second on the list of insomnia for them; there are new medicines that may help. Other causes are shift working, and pain.
3. The expression " Second on the list" in the second paragraph means ____.
A the second cause of all kinds of sleeplessness.
B the second most important cause of sleeplessness.
C the second on the doctor's list about sleepless people.
D. the second on the writer's list recording sleeplessness.
3. B．解题分析：借助解答上一题所了解到的文章逻辑发展—段落主题关于造成“失眠”的各种原因，判断B是答案(B中出现了该段落中的主题词cause)。
If you feel depressed you need to be checked by qualified health care provider. Movement disorders such as restless leg syndrome are second on the list of insomnia for them; there are new medicines that may help. Other causes are shift working, and pain. 划线句说“运动紊乱， 例如腿部综合症是（造成）失眠（原因的）清单上第2位”
(提示: 06年教材中A这个选项的内容变成了:A: The second least important cause of sleeplessness/造成失眠的第2个最不重要的原因 )
4. Concerning the use of sleeping pills, which of the following statements is true?
A Most adult Americans use sleeping pills for sleep.
B Doctors seldom give sleepless people sleeping pills.
C. Sleeping pills should be used for a very fixed period.
D. Sleeping pills should be used in a very small amount.
4． D。解题分析：从上一题的答案位置往下进行查找：
Medical treatment of these people has generally been with sleeping pills. It is generally agreed that sleeping pills should only be in the lowest dose and for the shortest possible time.该划线句说“安眠药应该小剂量服用， 而且应该服用尽可能最短的时间”， D是答案。
形式主语结构：
It is estimated/ proved/ certain/generally agreed + that..
e.g. It is right to do so.这样做是对的。
e.g. It is no use trying.试也无用。
e.g. It is certain that we shall succeed.我们一定会成功。
5. Which of the following does not fit with sleep hygiene（卫生学）?
A Make a rule to go to bed at every day.
B Go to bed when sleepy, not always at the same time.
C Try not to drink any caffeine and alcohol in the evening.
D Changing bad sleep habits and following doctors’ advice.
5． A．解题分析：借助题干中的新信息结构sleep hygiene作为答案线索，在文章中进行查找答案相关句：
Sleep hygiene is directed at changing bad sleep habits. The recommendations are: --Go to bed only when sleepy.– Do not wait up to a specific time. （与A矛盾） –Avoid caffeine and alcohol in the evening. Passage 2
Forty may be the new 30 as scientists redefine Age
Is 40 really the new 30? In many ways people today act younger than their parents did at the same age.
Scientists have defined a new concept and believe it could explain why population are aging, but at the same time seem to be getting younger.
Instead of measuring aging by how long people have lived, the scientists have factored in how many more years people can probably still look forward to.
“Using that measure, the average person can get younger in the sense that he or she can have even more years to live as time goes on, ” said Warren Sanderson of the University of New York In stony Brook.
He and Segri Scherbov of the Vienna Institute of Demography at the Australian Academy of Sciences, have used their method to estimate how the proportion of elderly people in Germany, Japan and the Unites States in the future.
The average German was 39.9 years old in 2000 and could plan to live for another 39.2 years, according to research reported in the journal Nature on Wednesday.
However, by 2050 the average German will be 51.9 years old and will be expected to live another 37.1 years. So middle age in 2050 would occur at around 52 years instead of 40 years as in 2000.
“As people have more and more years to live they have to save more and plan more and they effectively are behaving as if they were younger,” said Sanderson.
Five years ago, the average American was 35.3 years old and could plan for 43.5 more years of life. By 2050, the researchers estimate it will increase to 41.7 years and 45.8 future years.
“A lot of our skills, our education, our savings and the way we deal with our health care depend a great deal on how many years we have to live, ”said Sanderson.
“This dimension of how many years we have to live have been completely ignored in the discussion of aging so far.”
1. People 40 years of age today seem to be as young as ___.
A. their parents were at the same age
B. their parents were at the age of 30
C. their children were at the same age
D. their children were at the age of 30
2. The new age concept takes into account the factor of ___.
A. future years
B. average years
C. past years
D. unexpected years
3. In 2000, middle age for the average German occurred ___.
A. at 39.9 years
B. at 40 years
C. at 39.2 years
D. at 52 years
4. By 2050, the average Americans will live to ___.
A. 41.7 years of age
B. 45.8 years of age
C. 78.8 years of age
D. 87.5 years of age
5. The number of years we have to live does not affect ___.
A. our education
B. our saving
C. the way we handle health care
D. the number of years we have lived
答案与解析:
1. 文章标题文章: Forty may be the new 30 as scientists redefine Age
这篇文章将涉及到科学家对人的年龄的重新理解和定义.
2. 直接解题
1. People 40 years of age today seem to be as young as ___.
A. their parents were at the same age
B. their parents were at the age of 30
C. their children were at the same age
D. their children were at the age of 30
1.B． 分析: 问题句说“今天40岁的人看起来与...一样年轻”。 结合文章标题的内容“40岁被科学家定义为新的30岁”， 判断A和D最可能成为答案, 同时关注文章中parent或 children的句子, 利用问题句中的特征结构People 40 years of age作为答案线索， 这样在文章中找到答案相关句：(第一段) Is 40 really the new 30? In many ways people today act younger than their parents did at the same age. 这两个句子说“40岁真地是新定义中的30岁吗？ 在很多方面现在的人看起来都要比他们的父辈在他们这个年龄的时候年轻。”该句是把现在的人和他们的父辈进行比较， 因此判断B是答案。
（文章中的其他部分也没有拿现在的人和他们的孩子进行对比， 所以D也不是答案。）
2. The new age concept takes into account the factor of ___.
A. future years
B. average years
C. past years
D. unexpected years
2． A。分析：问题句说“新的年龄概念考虑到了...的因素”。 被选项都与“years”有关， 因此关注文章中涉及到这个词的句子， 这样找到了答案相关句： （第3段）Instead of measuring aging by how long people have lived, the scientists have factored in (把..作为因素予以考虑)how many more years people can probably still look forward to. 该句说“不是通过人的寿命来测量人的衰老情况， 科学家把人们可能还能再期望活多少年作为考虑的因素”， 因此判断A（将来的岁月） 是答案
3. In 2000, middle age for the average German occurred ___.
A. at 39.9 years
B. at 40 years
C. at 39.2 years
D. at 52 years
3．B． 分析：问题句说“在2000年， 通常德国人的中年发生在。。”， 被选项都是数字， 因此注意文章中涉及到数字的句子，利用题干中的特征结构In 2000和German作为答案线索， 这样找到答案相关句：
(第6段)The average German was 39.9 years old in 2000 and could plan to live for another 39.2 years, according to...该句中没有直接涉及到问题问及的“德国人的中年”， 所以接着看下面的句子：
（第7段）However, by 2050 the average German will be 51.9 years old and will be expected to live another 37.1 years. So middle age in 2050 would occur at around 52 years instead of 40 years as in 2000. 该划线句说“因此在2050年（德国人的）中年将会出现在大约52岁的时候， 而不是象在2000年中年是出现在大约40岁的时候”， 因此判断B是答案。
4. By 2050, the average Americans will live to ___.
A. 41.7 years of age
B. 45.8 years of age
C. 78.8 years of age
D. 87.5 years of age
4． D. 分析：这道题出现的出题错误: 2002年. 应该是2050年
问题句说“到2002年， 通常美国人将活到…”， 利用问题句中的新信息词Americans和特征结构By 2050作为答案线索， 这样找到答案相关句： （第9段）Five years ago, the average American was 35.3 years old and could plan for 43.5 more years of life. 该句说“5年前， 美国人的平均年龄是35。3岁， 他们还能为未来的43。5岁做计划。”By 2050, the researchers estimate it will increase to 41.7 years and 45.8 future years.该句说“研究者估计到2050年, 它(美国人的平均年龄将增加到41.7岁, 能再活45.8岁)”, 因此判断: 到2050年美国人平均会活到41.7 + 45.8 = 87.5岁.
5. The number of years we have to live does not affect ___.
A. our education
B. our saving
C. the way we handle health care
D. the number of years we have lived
5. D. 分析: 问题句说“我们还要活多少年并不影响...”, 借助文章中相关语句: (第10段)A lot of “our skills, our education, our savings and the way we deal with our health care depend a great deal on how many years we have to live”, said Sanderson.该句提到“我们教育， 存款， 和对待健康保健的方式都取决于我们还要活多少年” ， 因此判断D是答案。
Losing weight
Girls as young as 10 years old are dieting and in danger of developing unhealthy attitudes about weight, body image and food a group of Toronto researchers reported Tuesday.
Their study of 2,279 girls aged 10 to 14 showed that while the vast majority had healthy weights, nearly a third felt they were overweight and were trying to lose pounds. Even at the tender age of 32 percent of girls felt “too fat” and 31 percent said they were trying to diet.
McVey, a researcher at the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, and her colleagues analyzed data collected in a number of surveys of southern Ontario schoolgirls between 1993 and 2003, reporting their findings in Tuesday’s issue of the Canadian Medical Association Journal.
Nearly 80% of the girls had a healthy body weight and only 7.2 percent were considered overweight using standard weight-to-height ratios. Most researchers suggest the rate of overweight children in this country is several times higher than that figure.
Nearly 30 percent of the girls reported they were currently trying to lose weight, though few admitted to dangerous behavior such as self-induced vomiting.
Still, a test that measured attitudes towards eating showed 10.5 percent of survey participants were already at risk of developing an eating disorder.
“We’re not talking about kids who’ve been prescribed a diet because they’re above average weight or overweight. We’re talking about children who are within a healthy weight range. And they have taken it upon themselves to diet to lose weight,” McVey said, acknowledging she found the rates disturbing. She said striking a balance between healthy weights and healthy attitudes towards food and body image is a complex task, with no easy solutions.
1. The study showed that most of the girls
A. were overweight
B. were on a diet
C. had unhealthy attitudes about weight
D. had a healthy body weight
2. What percentage of the girls considered themselves overweight?
A. nearly 80%
B. 7.2%
C. nearly 30%
D. 10.5%
3. The survey participants were girls
A. who were 10
B. who were 14.
C. Who were 10 to 14
D. Who were 10 to 18
4. What kind of institution does the lead researcher work with
A. at school
B. a hospital
C. an association
D. a charity
5. Unhealthy attitudes about weight, body image and food may
A. lead to an eating disorder
B. result from self-induced vomiting
C. make it easier to gain weight
D. bring about greater competition
答案与解析：
文章主题分析：Losing weight 减肥
直接解题：
2. The study showed that most of the girls
A. were overweight
B. were on a diet
C. had unhealthy attitudes about weight
D. had a healthy body weight
1. D。分析：利用题干中的核心结构most of the girls作为答案线索，这样发现答案相关句：（第2段）Their study of 2,279 girls aged(…岁的) 10 to 14 showed that while the vast majority (“大多数”与线索结构most of the girls呼应)had healthy(健康的) weights, nearly (几乎)a third felt they were overweight (超重的)and were trying to lose pounds(磅). 借助划线结构的含义（大多数女孩体重是健康的）因此判断D是答案。
2. What percentage(比例) of the girls considered (认为)themselves overweight?
A nearly 80%
B 7.2%
C nearly 30%
D 10.5%
2． C。分析: 利用被选项的特点—分数，作为答案线索，这样分别发现答案相关句,判断答案。
Even(甚至) at the tender(幼小的, 未成熟的, 温柔的) age of 10, nearly 32 percent of girls felt too fat （“感到超重”与题干中的“认为自己超重”呼应）and 31 percent said they were trying to diet.
3 The survey participants(参加者) were girls
A. who were 10
B. who were 14.
C. Who were 10 to 14
D. Who were 10 to 18
3. C。 分析: 利用被选项的特点—数字，作为答案线索，这样分别发现答案相关句（文章中涉及到年龄的只有一句话）,判断答案。
Their study of 2,279 girls (与题干中的survey participants一致)aged 10 to 14 showed that while (虽然)the vast(巨大的) majority(大多数) had healthy weights, nearly a third felt they were overweight and were trying to lose pounds
4 What kind of institution(机构) does the lead(领先者) researcher (研究者)work with?
A at school
B a hospital
C an association
D a charity(慈善机关)
4． B。分析：问题问“主要的那个研究者在哪个机构工作”，利用题干中的细节信息结构institution 和lead researcher作为答案线索，这样发现文章中并没有这两个词出现，所以判断可能需要考生进行推断。文章中具体提到的研究者就是McVey(MeVcy, a researcher at the hospital for sick children in Toronto（一家儿童医院的研究者）, and her colleagues(同事) analyzed date collected(被收集) in a number of surveys (调查)of southern Ontario安大略湖 schoolgirls between 1993 and 2003, reporting their findings(研究成果) in Tuesday’s issue(期) of the Canadian Medical Association Journal.
5 Unhealthy(不健康的) attitudes(态度) about weight, body image(形像) and food may
A lead to(导致) an eating disorder(紊乱)
B result from (源于)self-induced自己诱发的vomiting(呕吐)
C make it easier to gain weight(增加体重)
D bring about (导致)greater competition(竞争)
5． A。分析：利用问题句中的细节结构attitudes(态度) about weight, body image(形像)作为答案线索, 这样在文章开头找到答案相关句:
（第1段）“Girls 小到as young as 10 years old are dieting (节食) and in danger of (有..的危险)developing(形成) unhealthy attitudes about weight, body image and food a group of Toronto researchers reported today.”（小到年纪只有10岁的女孩在节食物，在形成对体重，体形食物的不健康的认识，而这些认识是很危险的。）该句与问题没有直接关系。
（最后一段）“We’re not talking about kids who’ve been prescribed a diet because they’re above average weight or overweight. We’re talking about children who are within a healthy weight range. And they have taken it upon themselves to(开始) diet(节食) to lose weight,” McVey said, acknowledging she found the rates disturbing(使人不安的). She said striking a balance (取得平衡)between healthy weights and healthy attitudes towards food and body image is a complex(复杂的) task, with(没有) no easy solutions(解决方法).
The rate指前文中提到的 10。5%：
Still, a test that measured(衡量) attitudes towards eating showed 10.5 percent of survey participants（被调查者）were already at risk (遇到危险)of developing(患) an eating disorder.
该句表明“持有对饮食， 体重和体型不健康态度的人， 这些人在被调查者中占10。5%， 这些人已经有患饮食紊乱的危险”，因此判断A是答案。
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